Among all of the concepts explored in GMAT, triangles are a commonly revisited concept. When exploring triangles on the coordinate plane, it is important to understand the following terminology:
• Ordered Pair: identification of a point through its coordinates, and is typically written in the form of (a, b) where a is a point on the x-axis, and b is a point on the y-axis
• Origin: point of intersection of x-axis and y-axis, (0, 0)
• Quadrants: a sector on the graph; there are 4 quadrants with coordinates of (+, +) for quadrant I, (-, +) for quadrant II, (-, -) for quadrant III, and (+, -) for quadrant IV
• Slope: steepness of a line defined by the rise over run which is the units that are present vertically divided by the units present horizontally
Upon understanding the terminology, it is crucial to understand the basic equations regarding the distance between two points, or a line, in order to compose a more complex view on triangles.
The basic equation will be y = mx + b where y is a point on the y-axis, m is the slope, x is a point on the x-axis, and b is the intercept on the y-axis.
Since the GMAT normally provides a coordinate graph, counting the units on the y-axis, and the units on the x-axis will be relatively easy.