Healthcare Layoffs 1999 to 2026: Pharma, Devices, Hospitals, Insurers

F1GMAT Layoff Tracker

Healthcare Layoffs 1999 to 2026: Pharma, Devices, Hospitals, Insurers

Announced job cuts at the largest employers in the industry, period by period and year by year; what share of the workforce they removed; which roles, degrees and pay bands they touched; and whether business schools kept placing graduates there.

Workforce

Combined headcount of the tracked employers: 3,107,891

CompanyLatest headcountAs of
UnitedHealth Group390,0002025
HCA Healthcare320,0002025
CVS Health300,0002025
Kaiser Permanente243,7952025
Fresenius178,3942025
Advocate Health167,0002025
CommonSpirit Health160,000FY2025
Johnson & Johnson138,2002025
Trinity Health133,000FY2025
Providence125,0002024
Abbott115,0002025
Roche112,7742025
Fresenius Medical Care109,6982025
Elevance Health97,1002025
AstraZeneca96,1002025
Medtronic95,000FY2026
IQVIA93,0002025
Bayer87,8302026
Siemens Healthineers74,000FY2025
Becton Dickinson72,000FY2025
Period totals

Announced cuts at the ten hardest-hit companies in each period

PeriodTop-10 totalPer yearLargest
1999–200119,0006,338Aetna, 11,000
2002–200750,9208,492Merck, 11,400
2008–200960,60030,321Pfizer, 19,500
2010–201876,6008,514Merck, 24,500
2019–Oct 202221,4665,604Novartis, 8,000
Nov 2022–202321,46618,446Philips, 6,000
2024–present41,14814,881Bayer, 11,000
1999–2001: top 10
  1. Aetna: 11,000
  2. Bayer: 5,000
  3. Roche: 3,000
2002–2007: top 10
  1. Merck: 11,400
  2. Pfizer: 10,000
  3. AstraZeneca: 7,600
  4. Johnson & Johnson: 4,820
  5. Bristol-Myers Squibb: 4,300
  6. Baxter: 3,500
  7. Novartis: 2,500
  8. Humana: 2,300
  9. Boston Scientific: 2,300
  10. Amgen: 2,200
2008–2009: top 10
  1. Pfizer: 19,500
  2. Merck: 7,200
  3. Johnson & Johnson: 7,000
  4. Schering-Plough: 5,500
  5. Eli Lilly: 5,500
  6. Wyeth: 5,000
  7. Bristol-Myers Squibb: 4,300
  8. UnitedHealth Group: 4,000
  9. Elevance Health: 1,500
  10. Cigna: 1,100
2010–2018: top 10
  1. Merck: 24,500
  2. AstraZeneca: 17,600
  3. Bayer: 12,000
  4. Roche: 4,800
  5. Novartis: 4,200
  6. Eli Lilly: 3,500
  7. Abbott: 3,000
  8. Johnson & Johnson: 3,000
  9. Pfizer: 2,000
  10. Medtronic: 2,000
2019–Oct 2022: top 10
  1. Novartis: 8,000
  2. Fresenius Medical Care: 5,000
  3. Walgreens Boots Alliance: 4,000
  4. Philips: 4,000
  5. Sanofi: 466
Nov 2022–2023: top 10
  1. Philips: 6,000
  2. CVS Health: 5,000
  3. Baxter: 3,000
  4. Grifols: 2,300
  5. Centene: 2,000
  6. Humana: 1,162
  7. Biogen: 1,000
  8. Walgreens Boots Alliance: 504
  9. Pfizer: 500
2024–present: top 10
  1. Bayer: 11,000
  2. Novo Nordisk: 9,000
  3. Merck: 6,000
  4. Viatris: 3,000
  5. CVS Health: 2,900
  6. Crozer Health: 2,651
  7. Bristol-Myers Squibb: 2,200
  8. BioNTech: 1,860
  9. Mass General Brigham: 1,500
  10. Tenet Healthcare: 1,037
11 · Sources

References

Healthcare employers headquartered in the US, Canada or Europe: drug and biotech makers, medical-device makers, hospital and care-provider systems, and health insurers, pharmacy chains and health-services firms. Public health services such as the NHS are excluded.

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  7. HCA Healthcare: about (more than 320,000 colleagues). hcahealthcare.com/about/
  8. CVS Health Form 10-K reports, 2000 to 2025 (SEC EDGAR, CIK 64803). www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0000064803&type=10-K
  9. CVS Health Form 10-K 2025 (over 300,000 colleagues). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/64803/000006480326000010/cvs-20251231.htm
  10. Kaiser Permanente 2022 annual report. about.kaiserpermanente.org/content/dam/kp/mykp/documents/reports/2022_annual_report_112023_ADA.pdf
  11. Kaiser Permanente 2023 annual report. about.kaiserpermanente.org/expertise-and-impact/annual-reports/2023-annual-report
  12. Kaiser Permanente 2024 annual report. about.kaiserpermanente.org/expertise-and-impact/annual-reports/2024-annual-report
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  18. Fresenius annual report 2024: employees. report.fresenius.com/2024/annual-report/group-management-report/fundamental-information-about-the-group/employees.html
  19. Fresenius annual report 2025: employees (178,394). report.fresenius.com/2025/annual-report/management-report/fundamental-information-about-the-group/employees.html
  20. Advocate Health year in review 2023. www.advocatehealth.com/-/media/Project/Health-System-Enterprise/AdvocateHealthCom/advocatehealth/documents/about-us/annual-reports/Advocate_YearInReview_2023.pdf
  21. Advocate Health year in review 2024. 2024yir.advocatehealth.org/Advocate_YearInReview_2024.pdf
  22. Advocate Health year in review 2025. 2025yir.advocatehealth.org/Advocate_YearInReview_2025.pdf
  23. Advocate Health: Advocate Aurora Health and Atrium Health complete combination (Dec 2022). www.advocatehealth.com/news/advocate-aurora-health-and-atrium-health-complete-combination
  24. CommonSpirit Health FY2022 year-end results. www.commonspirit.org/news-articles/commonspirit-health-announces-fy2022-year-end-results
  25. CommonSpirit Health 2024 annual report. www.commonspirit.org/content/dam/shared/en/pdfs/investor-resources/2024-CommonSpirit-Health-Annual-Report.SECURED.pdf
  26. CommonSpirit Health FY2025 year-end results. www.commonspirit.org/news-articles/commonspirit-health-releases-fy2025-year-end-results
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  28. Trinity Health: about us (133,000 colleagues). www.trinity-health.org/about-us
  29. Providence 2023 continuing disclosure annual report. www.providence.org/-/media/project/psjh/providence/socal/files/about/financial-statements/2023-continuing-disclosure-annual-report.pdf
  30. Providence 2024 continuing disclosure annual report (more than 125,000 caregivers). www.providence.org/-/media/project/psjh/providence/socal/files/about/financial-statements/2024-continuing-disclosure-annual-report.pdf
  31. Providence: about (119,000 caregivers). www.providence.org/about
  32. Johnson & Johnson Form 10-K reports, 2000 to 2025 (SEC EDGAR, CIK 200406). www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0000200406&type=10-K
  33. Johnson & Johnson Form 10-K 2025 (138,200 full-time equivalents). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/200406/000020040626000016/jnj-20251228.htm
  34. Abbott Form 10-K reports, 2000 to 2025 (SEC EDGAR, CIK 1800). www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0000001800&type=10-K
  35. Abbott Form 10-K 2025 (approximately 115,000 employees). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1800/000162828026010185/abt-20251231.htm
  36. Roche annual report 2025 (112,774 employees). assets.roche.com/f/170920/x/fba4184df7/roche-annual-report-2025.pdf
  37. Stock Analysis: Fresenius Medical Care employees, compiled from Form 20-F filings. stockanalysis.com/stocks/fms/employees/
  38. Fresenius Medical Care annual report 2025. freseniusmedicalcare.com/content/dam/fresenius-medical-care/global/en/04_media/pdf/publications/2025/FME_Annual_Report_2025_EN.pdf
  39. Elevance Health (WellPoint, Anthem) Form 10-K reports, 2002 to 2025 (SEC EDGAR, CIK 1156039). www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001156039&type=10-K
  40. Elevance Health Form 10-K 2025 (approximately 97,100 associates). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1156039/000115603926000013/elv-20251231.htm
  41. AstraZeneca annual report 2025 (96,100 employees; 2024: 94,300). www.astrazeneca.com/content/dam/az/Investor_Relations/annual-report-2025/pdf/AstraZeneca_AR_2025.pdf
  42. Medtronic Form 10-K reports, FY2002 to FY2026 (SEC EDGAR, CIK 64670 and 1613103). www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001613103&type=10-K
  43. Medtronic Form 10-K, fiscal 2026 (over 95,000 full-time employees). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001613103/000162828026044354/mdt-20260424.htm
  44. Stock Analysis: IQVIA employees, compiled from Form 10-K filings. stockanalysis.com/stocks/iqv/employees/
  45. IQVIA Form 10-K 2025 (approximately 93,000 employees). s201.q4cdn.com/580005511/files/doc_financials/2025/q4/IQV-2025-12-31-10K_Filed-with-exhibits.pdf
  46. Stock Analysis: Bayer employees (2024). stockanalysis.com/quote/etr/BAYN/employees/
  47. Bayer half-year financial report Q2 2026 (87,830 employees, full-time equivalents). www.bayer.com/sites/default/files/2026-08/bayer-halbjahresfinanzbericht-q2-2026.pdf
  48. Siemens Healthineers annual report 2025 (about 74,000 employees). corporate.webassets.siemens-healthineers.com/a364b935102e7df5/d7fdacda458e/siemens-healthineers-ir-annual-report-2025.pdf
  49. Becton Dickinson Form 10-K reports, FY1999 to FY2025 (SEC EDGAR, CIK 10795). www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0000010795&type=10-K
  50. Becton Dickinson Form 10-K, fiscal 2025 (approximately 72,000 associates). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/10795/000001079525000099/bdx-20250930.htm
  51. Universal Health Services Form 10-K 2025 (approximately 101,500 employees). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/352915/000119312526071676/uhs-20251231.htm
  52. Tenet Healthcare Form 10-K 2025 (nearly 100,000 employees). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/70318/000007031826000012/thc-20251231.htm
  53. Christian Science Monitor: Aetna to cut 5,000 jobs (Dec 2000). www.csmonitor.com/2000/1219/p20s4.html
  54. Business Insurance: Aetna to cut 6,000 jobs in bid to restore profits (Dec 2001). www.businessinsurance.com/aetna-to-cut-6000-jobs-in-bid-to-restore-profits/
  55. CNN: Bayer to cut 5,000 jobs (Aug 2001). edition.cnn.com/2001/BUSINESS/08/13/bayer/index.html
  56. swissinfo: thousands of jobs expected to go at Roche (May 2001). www.swissinfo.ch/eng/thousands-of-jobs-expected-to-go-at-roche/2063582
  57. NBC News: Pfizer to cut 10,000 jobs (Jan 2007). www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16754865
  58. Personnel Today: AstraZeneca to cut 7,600 jobs (Jul 2007). www.personneltoday.com/?p=36296
  59. NPR: Merck to cut 7,000 jobs, close plants (Nov 2005). www.npr.org/2005/11/28/5029911/merck-to-cut-7-000-jobs-close-plants
  60. Fox News: embattled Merck to cut jobs (Oct 2003). www.foxnews.com/story/embattled-merck-to-cut-about-5100-jobs
  61. Philadelphia Inquirer: Johnson & Johnson to lay off up to 4,820 (Aug 2007). www.inquirer.com/philly/business/20070801_Johnson___Johnson_to_lay_off_up_to_4_820.html
  62. Fierce Biotech: BMS cuts 4,800 jobs (Dec 2007). www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/bms-cuts-4-800-jobs
  63. NBC News: Baxter to cut jobs (Apr 2004). www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/wbna4805618
  64. Amgen Form 8-K exhibit 99.1, restructuring (Aug 2007). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000318154/000119312507183978/dex991.htm
  65. swissinfo: Novartis cuts workforce by 2,500 (Dec 2007). www.swissinfo.ch/eng/workplace-switzerland/novartis-cuts-workforce-by-2-500/6313366
  66. Business Insurance: Humana to cut 2,300 jobs (Dec 2002). www.businessinsurance.com/humana-to-cut-2300-jobs/
  67. MPR News: Boston Scientific cuts (Oct 2007). www.mprnews.org/story/2007/10/17/bostonsci
  68. Business Insurance: Cigna cutting 2,000 jobs (Jan 2002). www.businessinsurance.com/cigna-cutting-2000-jobs/
  69. Fierce Pharma: doing the math on impending Pfizer layoffs (Jan 2009). www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/doing-math-on-impending-pfizer-layoffs
  70. NBC News: Merck to cut 7,200 jobs (Oct 2008). www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/wbna27318595
  71. IndustryWeek: Johnson & Johnson to cut more than 7,000 jobs worldwide (Nov 2009). www.industryweek.com/leadership/companies-executives/article/21936099/johnson-johnson-to-cut-more-than-7000-jobs-worldwide
  72. Manufacturing.net: Schering-Plough job cuts (Apr 2008). www.manufacturing.net/supply-chain/news/13066448
  73. Manufacturing.net: Lilly to reorganize, cut 5,500 jobs (Sep 2009). www.manufacturing.net/home/news/13129938/lilly-to-reorganize-cut-5500-jobs
  74. CNN Money: Wyeth to cut 10% of workforce (Jan 2008). money.cnn.com/2008/01/25/news/companies/wyeth/index.htm
  75. PharmaFile: BMS to cut extra 10% of workforce (Dec 2008). pharmafile.com/news/bms-cut-extra-10-workforce/
  76. ThinkAdvisor: carrier to cut 4,000 jobs (Jul 2008). www.thinkadvisor.com/2008/07/02/carrier-to-cut-4000-jobs/
  77. American Medical News: insurers cut jobs (Feb 2009). amednews.com/article/20090211/business/302119998/8/
  78. AOL News: Merck to cut 16,000 workers as drugmaker closes 16 plants and labs (Jul 2010). www.aol.com/news/2010-07-08-merck-to-cut-16-000-workers-as-drugmaker-closes-16-plants-labs.html
  79. Pharma Manufacturing: Bayer to lay off 12,000 (Nov 2018). pharmamanufacturing.com/industrynews/2018/bayer-to-lay-off-12000
  80. R&D World: Merck to cut 8,500 more jobs (Oct 2013). www.rdworldonline.com/merck-to-cut-8500-more-jobs/
  81. IndustryWeek: drugmaker AstraZeneca to cut 8,000 jobs worldwide (Jan 2010). industryweek.com/leadership/companies-executives/article/21954683/drugmaker-astrazeneca-to-cut-8000-jobs-worldwide
  82. Fierce Pharma: AstraZeneca puts 7,300 jobs on chopping block (Feb 2012). www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/astrazeneca-puts-7-300-jobs-on-chopping-block
  83. IndustryWeek: AstraZeneca announces 2,300 more job cuts (Mar 2013). www.industryweek.com/workforce/astrazeneca-announces-2300-more-job-cuts
  84. CNN Money: Roche job cuts (Nov 2010). money.cnn.com/2010/11/17/news/international/roche_job_cuts/index.htm
  85. Pharma Manufacturing: Lilly slashes 3,500 jobs, closes facilities (Sep 2017). pharmamanufacturing.com/industrynews/2017/lilly-slashes-3500-jobs-closes-facilities
  86. CNN Money: Abbott job cuts (Sep 2010). money.cnn.com/2010/09/21/news/companies/Abbott_job_cuts/index.htm
  87. Fortune: Johnson & Johnson cutting jobs (Jan 2016). fortune.com/2016/01/19/johnson-johnson-cutting-jobs
  88. CNBC: Novartis to cut 2,200 jobs in Switzerland (Sep 2018). www.cnbc.com/2018/09/25/novartis-to-cut-2200-jobs-in-switzerland-to-boost-profitability.html
  89. Royal Society of Chemistry: Pfizer Sandwich plant closure (Feb 2011). www.rsc.org/news/2011/february/pfizer-sandwich-plant-closure
  90. PharmaFile: Novartis to cut 2,000 jobs (Oct 2011). pharmafile.com/news/novartis-cut-2000-jobs/
  91. MPR News: Medtronic earnings and job cuts (May 2011). www.mprnews.org/story/2011/05/24/medtronic-earnings
  92. Fierce Healthcare: Tenet Healthcare announces more job cuts (Jan 2018). www.fiercehealthcare.com/finance/tenet-healthcare-announces-more-job-cuts-and-plans-to-strategically-reposition-organization
  93. Healthcare Dive: McKesson announces layoffs to shed 1,600 US employees (Mar 2016). www.healthcaredive.com/news/mckesson-announces-layoffs-to-shed-1600-us-employees/415930/
  94. MPR News: Boston Scientific cuts (Feb 2010). www.mprnews.org/story/2010/02/10/boston-scientific
  95. CNN Money: Pfizer job cuts within the Wyeth integration (May 2010). money.cnn.com/2010/05/18/news/companies/pfizer_job_cuts/index.htm
  96. Fierce Pharma: leaner and simpler Novartis details plans to cut 8,000 jobs (Jun 2022). www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/leaner-and-simpler-novartis-details-plans-cut-8000-jobs-worldwide
  97. ORF: Fresenius Medical Care to cut up to 5,000 jobs (Nov 2021). orf.at/stories/3235013/
  98. Chain Store Age: Walgreens swings to $1.7 billion quarterly loss, slashes UK jobs (Jul 2020). chainstoreage.com/walgreens-swings-17-billion-quarterly-loss-slashes-jobs-uk
  99. DutchNews: Philips confirms 6,000 new job cuts (Jan 2023; includes the Oct 2022 round). dutchnews.nl/2023/01/philips-confirms-6000-new-job-cuts-1100-are-in-the-netherlands
  100. Becker's Hospital Review: job cuts in the pharma industry, 2019 timeline. www.beckershospitalreview.com/pharmacy/job-cuts-in-the-pharma-industry-a-2019-timeline.html
  101. MedCity Beat: about 30,000 Mayo Clinic employees affected by furloughs and reduced hours (Apr 2020). www.medcitybeat.com/news-blog/2020/about-30k-mayo-clinic-employees-to-be-effected-by-furloughs-reduced-hours
  102. CNBC: CVS Health to slash 5,000 jobs to save costs (Aug 2023). www.cnbc.com/2023/08/01/cvs-health-to-slash-5000-jobs-to-save-costs.html
  103. MedTech Dive: layoffs at Abbott, Baxter and Philips (Feb 2023). gcp.medtechdive.com/news/Layoffs-ABT-Abbott-BAX-Baxter-Philips-PHG/642629
  104. Journal for Clinical Studies: Grifols plans to scrap 2,300 jobs (Feb 2023). journalforclinicalstudies.com/grifols-jumps-pharmas-2023-layoff-queue-with-plans-to-scrap-2300-jobs-primarily-in-the-us/
  105. Becker's Payer Issues: 8 payers cutting jobs (2023). www.beckerspayer.com/workforce/8-payers-cutting-jobs/
  106. CNBC: Biogen to cut 1,000 jobs (Jul 2023). www.cnbc.com/2023/07/25/biogen-to-cut-1000-jobs-as-company-prepares-for-leqembi-launch-.html
  107. Retail Dive: Walgreens lays off 10% of corporate workforce (May 2023). www.retaildive.com/news/Walgreens-layoffs-10-percent-corporate-workforce/651497
  108. Fierce Pharma: Pfizer's cost-cutting campaign hits Sandwich site, where 500 workers will lose jobs (Nov 2023). www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/pfizers-cost-cutting-campaign-hits-sandwich-site-uk-where-500-workers-will-lose-jobs
  109. PharmExec: Novo Nordisk to cut 9,000 jobs in global restructuring (Sep 2025). www.pharmexec.com/view/novo-nordisk-cut-9-000-jobs-global-restructuring-effort
  110. Eurofound restructuring monitor: Novo Nordisk (Sep 2025). apps.eurofound.europa.eu/restructuring-events/detail/203354
  111. Chemistry World: Merck & Co to cut 6,000 jobs, Moderna to cut around 500 (Jul 2025). www.chemistryworld.com/news/merck-and-co-to-cut-6000-jobs-moderna-to-cut-around-500/4021975.article
  112. Viatris fourth-quarter 2025 earnings release, Form 8-K exhibit 99.1 (Feb 2026). www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1792044/000179204426000010/exhibit991-4q25earningsrel.htm
  113. The Columbian/AP: CVS laying off nearly 3,000 workers (Oct 2024). columbian.com/news/2024/oct/02/cvs-laying-off-nearly-3000-workers
  114. Becker's Hospital Review: 20 hospitals and health systems cutting jobs (2025). www.beckershospitalreview.com/finance/20-hospitals-health-systems-cutting-jobs/
  115. Fierce Biotech: Bristol Myers cutting $1.5bn in costs, 2,000-plus employees affected (Apr 2024). www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/bristol-myers-cutting-15b-costs-less-two-years-2000-plus-employees-impacted-2024
  116. PharmaLive: Bayer's continued restructuring claims 2,000 jobs and thins management layers (2025). www.pharmalive.com/bayers-continued-restructuring-claims-2000-jobs-and-thins-management-layers/
  117. Fierce Pharma: Bayer's layoff count now 12,000 as its fortunes begin to turn. www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/bayers-layoff-count-now-12000-plus-its-fortunes-begin-turn
  118. BioSpace via Cassels Alpeter: BioNTech job cuts (May 2026). www.casselsalpeter.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/CS-Media-Clip-Biospace-05.20.26.docx.pdf
  119. Healthcare Dive: Conifer to lay off over 1,000 workers (Sep 2026). www.healthcaredive.com/news/conifer-to-lay-off-over-1000-workers/830287/
  120. Philadelphia Inquirer: Walgreens store closures (Oct 2024). inquirer.com/business/walgreens-pharmacy-drug-store-closures-united-states-20241015.html
  121. ABC7 Chicago: CVS layoffs 2023, 5,000 workers (Aug 2023). abc7chicago.com/cvs-layoffs-2023-laying-off-5000-workers-cutting-jobs-healthhub/13582331/
  122. pharmaphorum: UK feels the chill of Pfizer's cost-cutting wind (Nov 2023). pharmaphorum.com/news/uk-feels-chill-pfizers-cost-cutting-wind
  123. Fierce Pharma: Merck tallies 36,000 job cuts in 5 years of restructuring. www.fiercepharma.com/corporate/merck-tallies-36-000-job-cuts-5-years-of-restructuring
  124. Euronews: Novartis layoffs (Jun 2022). www.euronews.com/next/2022/06/29/novartis-layoffs
  125. Business Today: Philips cuts 6,000 jobs months after laying off 4,000 (Jan 2023). businesstoday.in/technology/story/tech-layoffs-philips-cuts-6000-jobs-just-months-after-laying-off-4000-employees-368073-2023-01-30
  126. CNN Money: Merck job cuts (Oct 2013). money.cnn.com/2013/10/01/news/companies/merck-job-cuts/index.html
  127. Fierce Pharma: Bristol Myers puts more than 800 jobs on the chopping block in NJ (2024). www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/bristol-myers-puts-more-800-jobs-chopping-block-nj-15b-cost-savings-campaign-rolls-ahead
  128. WHYY: Johnson & Johnson to cut 3,000 jobs in medical devices (Jan 2016). whyy.org/articles/johnson-a-johnson-to-cut-3000-jobs-in-medical-devices
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  130. BLS OEWS May 2019, NAICS 325400 Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. www.bls.gov/oes/2019/may/naics4_325400.htm
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