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MBA Essay Storytelling: 7 Elements you should use

After editing and reviewing over 300 Essays, I noticed a pattern for Winning MBA Essay. I wouldn't recommend that you force yourself to include the 7 Elements for all your essays, but while editing, review for the narrative structure and presences of:
 

1) Protagonist

Amateur writing doesn't establish the protagonist early on. In Essays, the word count is in the 250-500 range. Starting with you, and then building context necessary for the essay is the first step in your essay unless the question is about failure, setback or weaknesses. In such scenarios, context and narrative for the event should be the starting point. 

Remember that your resume is the reference material for the admission team. Editing the resume to include the most prominent and relevant achievements in your life is as important as editing your essay. The resume should include achievements that demonstrate your leadership skills, communication, and expertise as an individual contributor - in that order. If you need help, choose our resume editing service.

Most applicants have excelled as an individual contributor and reached the peak of their career before pursuing a career in management. The career path should become obvious with the resume. The admission team is trying to gather context on your resume. If you are not going to use the achievements listed on the resume for your essays then perhaps they are not relevant. Remove them. 

Contextualize your achievements into personality traits - extraversion, leadership, maturity (conflict management), communication (colleagues, leadership and team), persuasion (selling ideas to a team), motivating team (after failure), resource management (time, budget and skills) and openness (listening, pivoting after setback and innovation). 

Technologists and Finance Professionals are mostly ambiverts and in some cases introverts, but establishing extroversion is a crucial aspect of selling your candidacy. 

Community Service and Extra-curricular questions are means to measure your extroversion. If you don't have any legitimate experience in either of the two, citing a work-experience where you have to communicate across department or hierarchy while organizing an event (conferences or social events) or competing on behalf of the company (sports or talent shows) is essential. Unfortunately, organizing events (marathons, competitions, festivals) have been done to death. They seemed cliché now because most narratives don't introduce the challenges or the setbacks are obvious - scheduling conflicts, star not showing up, or logistical challenges. Think beyond the obvious when you are demonstrating your leadership skills and extroversion.

2) Antagonist 

Few Applicants had the misfortune to suffer uncertainty like a natural calamity, deadly illness, war or migrating to the US under extreme condition. All of them are a great story for MBA Application Essays, but that doesn't mean that other applicants have no chance to introduce an antagonist. It need not be a person or extreme circumstances. Applicants who introduce a "Villain" are often harsh on other's judgments while overlooking their misjudgment. 

Failures are the result of our misjudgment. You can blame it on external circumstances or people, but they read poorly in MBA Admissions. 

Maybe the antagonist is you; your lack of awareness, research, or team building skills. 

Maybe the antagonist is your client. Even if that was the reality, avoid the temptation to blame the client. 

Admission team would rather have someone who is mature enough to handle the extreme pressure that clients put you through in Management Consulting and Investment Banking. 

If you demonstrate that you can't take challenging timeline or high expectations, the narrative might be used against you. 

Essays with interesting narrative mix personal weakness, and a genuine opposing force into the essays. They have a well-defined story arc on how the applicant overcame the obstacle by realizing a truth, applying a strategy or through the acquisition of skill. Limited word count makes skill acquisition the most clichéd narrative. 

It is obvious that you acquired a skill after 2-5 years. Don't use a narrative where there is no aha moment on how you defeated the antagonist. To create a balanced narrative, read Winning MBA Essay Guide.

3) Logic 

The ISTJ personality type is the most common in the world (13%). They tend to think in a logical and practical way. We badly need such personalities to work on problems with integrity, persistence, and dedication. However, such personalities have limited creativity. The storytelling is filled with logical narratives.

An event A happened, I reacted with B, and the Result was C. 

Maybe, you really did that, but logical storytelling is the most overused form, and perhaps playing around with the sequence of events with pillaring or W-Patterns might change the perspective about your candidacy. The idea to structure an essay is a logical exercise once you know the technique, but structuring each sentence requires creativity and a keen awareness of your audience. Admission teams are reading essays in the hundreds. Don't lose them with predictability. Don't go crazy either and end with obscure themes or open-ended narratives. 

Three things happen in memorable movies and novels. 

First, there is a breakaway from the routine. Something bad happens. The protagonist is forced to act courageously and use all his positive attributes while fighting against the antagonist (self-doubt, weaknesses, or a villain). 

Second, when the protagonist recovers and go back to the routine, something even worse happens, raising the stake - the death of the loved one or the destruction of the world (superhero movies) if he doesn't act. Notice that every good story requires the protagonist to come out of his comfort zone and act. 

How you act is the only measure of your character. Everything else is PR or story you tell to keep your status in the society. 

Third - the protagonist fights and rescues the person/world/himself for a final resolution. 

The three-structure story format is a logical exercise once you are aware of it. Even if you don't have the flair to create memorable phrases, the structure in itself will improve your storytelling capability and the quality of your Essay. More storytelling ideas in Winning MBA Essay Guide. 

4) Emotion 

Boring essays stay away from emotions fearing that the admission team might construe the narrative as a work of fiction. The fear is legitimate. I have seen applicants overdoing it and turning their essay into a blog or even a novel. At some deep level, the reviewer is thinking, "What a made-up story.” This is because although creativity and vulnerability are expected in an engaging essay, overdoing it is easy. 

Remember that you are still applying to a program where your Quant skills are valued the most. 

Writing is a tool to capture your personality. That is why we have emphasized on storytelling, contexts, and leadership narratives. They are structures to capture your personality. Video Essays are tools to measure your communication skills and the ability to think on the feet. Schools use them mostly to evaluate international applicants. If you are a native, a 1-3 minute video is not going to mess up your candidacy unless you freeze or mumble incoherently. For international applicants, addressing the question directly even if the answer sounds clichéd should be the strategy. 

Demonstrate Movement

Essays that look routine lacks movement. Active verbs capturing the setback, how you overcame it and the actions you took to build the team and persuaded the management is a much more interesting read than a mundane, "How I managed a setback" in plain vanilla form. 

Not all negative and positive emotions are worth mentioning, but Winning MBA Essay regularly use these emotional states 

Negative Emotions

• Anger
• Anxiety
• Doubt
• Embarrassment
• Fear
• Frustration

Positive Emotions

• Courage
• Hope
• Pride
• Politeness
• Satisfaction
• Trust

AdCom will connect with the negative and positive emotions, and understand what you went through. They don’t want sociopaths, who are only worried about profits, to fill the MBA classes, but need leaders who can create an environment where the team garner confidence and thrive, taking the team forward to worthwhile goals and greater innovation.

5) Support 

Nothing in our life happens without a support network. 

"I was able to build F1GMAT because, at the age of 27, my parents allowed me to work from their home for 3 years. Yes, I was that guy staying with my parents in my late 20s and into 30. I also had the good fortune to partner with some of the best GMAT Prep and Admissions Consulting companies. Business Schools gave interviews and helped my readers gain a better perspective on each school. But nothing would have happened if you didn't read what I wrote and purchased my books. I continue to help MBA applicants with my services because I had support from my readers, partners, Business Schools, and a loving family."

In my 20s, I could never have given statements of gratitude like that. Now, in my 30s, I understand why. 

Most applicants have yet to form a sense of accomplishment. Not that you didn't accomplish anything worthwhile, but the possibility seems endless. In your 30s, you will have a realistic sense of what is possible and what is not. Also, the competitive nature of MBA application builds the fear in applicants that any statements that give credit to others might jeopardize their admission chances. 

95% of the essay should be about you - the protagonist, but don't shy away from giving credit to the team, or a partner that helped you create a solution. Few applicants have the confidence to do it.  I show how it is done here

6) Skeptic 

Interesting narratives always build skepticism about the applicant until the story resolves. Edge of the seat thriller is worth watching because at a sub-conscious level we know that we will not be hurt sitting in a dark room with hundreds of fellow movie buffs. But we would like to feel what the protagonist is going through, and learn how he handled the setbacks - not at a functional but an emotional level. 

We are emotional beings creating tribes for the battle in a fake battlefield (sports), watching fake story (movies), and snooping on other's manicured life stories (Facebook and Instagram). 

The admission team is like us. They want stories. 

After reading rave reviews, I recently watched Robert Redford's, All is Lost - a story of an elderly man stuck in the sea, finding every means to survive. I wondered how such an interesting premise never connected with me as much as Tom Hank's Cast Away did. 

The reason - dialogues. 

Redford's movie had no dialogues, nothing at stake, and no backstory while Cast Away had everything. Even in moments of extreme loneliness, Hanks talked to Wilson - the volleyball. 

Words capture emotions. Here is how you capture emotion without turning melodramatic

Even though I am a big proponent of "Show Don't Tell Approach,” explicit statements about your doubts and fears, build the interest in your story. Another strategy that we use in our Essay Review service is an introduction of a skeptic - a client or a manager (not your direct supervisor) or a backstory of previous failures to convey what is at stake. 

7) Mentor 

The story is incomplete without a supervisor guiding you through setbacks. Your mentors should be your recommenders. Without mentors - either in the form of direct supervisors or thinkers or innovators in your field, our learning trajectory would be limited. 

Schools love applicants who acknowledge the role of mentors in their career progression. 

A large part of top MBA program's popularity is the role Alumni plays in sharing opportunities with current students and mentoring them through a new skill during industry visits and internships. Not all your essay might need a mentor, but the narrative for a failure essay will be realistic when you introduce a mentor into the story. 

Use the role of the mentor strategically to connect the story with the essay and recommendation letter. If you want to learn the secrets of great essays, Download Winning MBA Essay Guide

For help with Essay Writing, Start a conversation here

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About the Author 

Atul Jose - Founding Consultant F1GMAT

I am Atul Jose - the Founding Consultant at F1GMAT.

Over the past 15 years, I have helped MBA applicants gain admissions to Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, MIT, Chicago Booth, Kellogg, Columbia, Haas, Yale, NYU Stern, Ross, Duke Fuqua, Darden, Tuck, IMD, London Business School, INSEAD, IE, IESE, HEC Paris, McCombs, Tepper, and schools in the top 30 global MBA ranking. 

I offer end-to-end Admissions Consulting and editing services – Career Planning, Application Essay Editing & Review, Recommendation Letter Editing, Interview Prep, assistance in finding funds and Scholarship Essay & Cover letter editing. See my Full Bio.

Contact me for support in school selection, career planning, essay strategy, narrative advice, essay editing, interview preparation, scholarship essay editing and guiding supervisors with recommendation letter guideline documents

I am also the Author of the Winning MBA Essay Guide, covering 16+ top MBA programs with 240+ Sample Essays that I have updated every year since 2013 (11+ years. Phew!!)

I am an Admissions consultant who writes and edits Essays every year. And it is not easy to write good essays. 

Contact me for any questions about MBA or Master's application. I would be happy to answer them all 

Winning MBA Essay Guide - A Complete Guide for M7 and Top 15 MBA Application Essays 


F1GMAT's Winning MBA Essay guide will teach you how to transform your essay into a life journey with trials and tribulations that will move the admission team.

+ Over 245 Sample Essays (Read Previews of F1GMAT's Winning MBA Essay Guide Sample Essays here)

+ Top 15 MBA Programs (Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Columbia, Booth, MIT, Kellogg, Yale, Haas, Darden, INSEAD, LBS, NYU Stern, Tuck, Duke Fuqua, Ross)
+ The Art of Storytelling 
+ Leadership Narratives
+ Review Tips
+ Persuasion Strategies
+ The Secret to "unleashing" your unique voice
+ How to prepare and present for the Video Essay
+ How to write about your Strengths
+ How to write about your Weaknesses
 
 

Want to try the individual school Essay Guides before upgrading to the Winning MBA Essay Guide? Try below.

F1GMAT's Essay Guides

  • Harvard MBA Essay Guide (20 Sample Essays)

    Growth-Oriented Essay: Curiosity can be seen in many ways. Please share an example of how you have demonstrated curiosity and how that has influenced your growth. (up to 250 words) 

    Example #1: Persistence Narrative 
    Background Information: The applicant – a design and music talent, shares her journey through several setbacks. She attributes curiosity to her growth.  
    Curiosity: Philosophy  
    Curiosity (Explained): Curiosity as a philosophy is tough to translate into a narrative unless you are from the creative industry or your contributions had an influence on a solution or an initiative.  
    MBA Essay Strategy: I wanted to capture the humanity of the applicant and her influence in music instead of just highlighting how she overcame multiple roadblocks to gain attention as a designer.  
    Theme: Persistence  
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – Life Starts at NO (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example) 

    Example #2: International Community Building 
    Background Information: The applicant, a Machine Learning (ML) entrepreneur specializing in healthcare diagnostics, shares how his curiosity to learn other ML algorithms’ evolution in diagnosing Alzheimer’s, cancer, and heart disease transformed his platform into a global community. 
    MBA Essay Strategy: I wanted to show the applicant’s contributions in diagnostic from 2020 to 2024 by citing two events. Such examples build credibility instead of engagements that were recent. The evolution of the platform from an AI development community to a community for discussing the application of AI in diagnostics is captured through a ‘curiosity’ angle.
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – Growth through Collaboration (AI in Healthcare) (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #3: Culture
    Background Information: The applicant, an Entrepreneur from India narrates his first entrepreneurial experience – facilitating exchange of stamps in the late 1990s.
    Theme: Culture
    MBA Essay Strategy:  Instead of addressing the biases in the investor community that could turn preachy, I wanted to focus on the applicant and his entrepreneurial journey by citing two entrepreneurial experiences – a platform(club) for stamp collection and his Grocery delivery App.
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – The American Dream (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #4: Addiction
    Background Information: The applicant – a beneficiary of the foster home system, captures the sacrifice his adopted grandparents made to save him from a path of addiction. Paying it back through early intervention among teenagers and community engagement is the curiosity narrative.
    Theme: Addiction
    MBA Essay Strategy:  My strategy is to capture a gratitude narrative in the first one-third of the essay to demonstrate motivation for starting the venture and dedicate the latter part of the essay to the unique solution
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – Drug Addiction and Gaming (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #5: Scarcity
    Background Information: The applicant, an education major, recognizes that 70% of all students in Kenya don’t have a computer. The curiosity that drives him to pivot from one solution to another is the growth narrative.
    Theme: Innovation
    MBA Essay Strategy:  Often, innovation is captured with a ‘hero’ narrative where the applicant is the sole originator of an idea. I wanted to break that cliché and include a person from whom the applicant learned to use a concept called ‘scaffolding.’
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – Scarcity (Growth-Oriented HBS Essay Example)

    Example #6: FinTech
    Background Information: The applicant captures a vulnerable moment of a beneficiary to compare his journey of side hustle before a technology giant noticed his talent. Although cryptocurrency is not a flavor for the year, capture niches where innovation is still happening. 
    Theme: Education, Child Welfare
    MBA Essay Strategy:  Empathizing with a techno solution is tough without a strong backstory around the beneficiary. For the essay, I wanted to clearly establish the beneficiary – Rami, before the applicant narrates the similarities to his journey and finally shares the solution that emerged from his curiosity.
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – FinTech as a Tool for Good (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #7: Learning from the best
    Background Information: The applicant – a Remote Engineer in the Oil and Gas industry, reflects on a value that has helped her learn from the best regardless of her geographical limitations.
    Theme: Learning
    MBA Essay Strategy:  The effectiveness of the case-study method depends on the assumption that peers in a Harvard MBA class will help elevate your learning experience. For the essay, I have highlighted the applicant’s recognition of this value proposition with three examples.
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – Learning from the Best (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #8: Military & Search for IMPACT
    Background Information: The most common narrative for US military applicants is to quote 9/11 and the reaction your immediate family had while watching the events unfold. The horrifying moment is captured as a motivation to join the Military. On digging deeper, most applicants would share that their motivations were diverse.
    Theme: Career Choice
    MBA Essay Strategy:  I wanted to quickly highlight that the applicant had the choice of entering any industry. One achievement to demonstrate his curiosity that I shared in the first half is the invention of a game. Since the game is mentioned in the resume and verifiable through search, I didn’t quote the name. By clearly highlighting the person’s curiosity and career options, the family legacy is used as a factor in joining the military.
    Read: Harvard MBA Curiosity Essay – Career Choice after a Military Career (Growth-Oriented HBS MBA Essay Example)
     
    Leadership-Focused Essay: What experiences have shaped who you are, how you invest in others, and what kind of leader you want to become? (up to 250 words)

    Example #9: Small Business Values
    Background Information: The applicant - a second-generation Asian American, is familiar with the values of fiscal conservatism, building relationships, and understanding the daily struggles of the community through his family’s department store.
    Theme: Customer-Centric
    MBA Essay Strategy:  The applicant’s role in developing an App for the store is highlighted in the essay at a crucial part of the narrative so that the essay is not all about his father. I have also humanized the journey – by sharing how upset the father was when the revenues fell by 40%. The essay is about the transformation in the applicant’s value from a person chasing productivity and optimization technique to someone who is truly thinking about the customers. 
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – Small Business Values (Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #10: Breaking Away from Family Business
    Background Information: A unique challenge that applicants whose parents are public figures or CXOs of businesses or entrepreneurs are the pressure to live up to the parent’s standards or milestones. For the leadership narrative, the burden of legacy is established before the narrative addresses his leadership principles.
    Theme: Authenticity  
    MBA Essay Strategy:  For the essay, I want to capture an entrepreneur’s journey to rise above his entrepreneur father’s image. But I didn’t want to make the entire essay about this complex dynamics. The narrative is around the applicant’s focus on customers and surrounding with teams who keeps him grounded. 
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – Breaking Away from Family Business(Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #11: Creativity and Communication 
    Background Information: When the overall percentage of users with internet access is 62% in South Africa and the inequality accentuated by the rural and urban divide, the applicant endured the lack of digital infrastructure, and spending close to 22% of the family income on gaining relevant information on schools, global exams, and financial assistance. 
    Theme: Creativity, Communication
    MBA Essay Strategy:  The strategy is to share why the applicant values no distraction in a child’s home for optimum education experience. Then I highlight the many roadblocks the applicant’s non-profit faced in receiving fee waiver for their cooperative run ISP.
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – Non-Profit (Telecom) (Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #12: Mental Health
    Background Information: The applicant like most didn’t pay much attention to the mental health epidemic until tragedy hit home.
    Theme: Communication, Innovation
    MBA Essay Strategy:  A question we frequently get from applicants is whether they should cite tragedy in the family as a motivation for a venture or a non-profit initiative. As long as you don’t linger too much on the tragedy and offer a balanced narrative, there are no restrictions on leveraging unique stories from your life. 
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – Mental Health (Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #13: Trauma, Healing & Finding Authentic Self
    Background Information: The applicant narrates the absurdity of war in the narrative about the duties in Kabul, and the trauma. Instead of wallowing in on the horror, the applicant takes what makes military applicants strong and guides unprivileged children build life and leadership skills.
    Theme: Resilience
    MBA Essay Strategy:  Capturing PTSD in an essay, the healing process, and the cues that helped the applicant are too sacred to be shared in a Harvard MBA application essay. However, with the right motivation and narrative arcs, you can capture the essence of your journey without sharing the darkest secrets. That is what I did by merging two stories – the horrors of the war with a non-profit engagement.
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – Military & PTSD (Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #14: Addiction, Setback and Leadership Mantra
    Background Information: In this narrative, the applicant captures Peru’s Silver mining boom of 2006. The growth experienced in her father’s business shifted the family’s economic status to a new stratosphere. Through the changing economic and family dynamics, the applicant finds her voice in a unique way, initially to record her unheard voice but later as one of the youngest subject matter experts in mining and commodities.  
    Theme: Failure
    MBA Essay Strategy:  For the essay, the strategy is to show how life’s unpredictability is a blessing. By narrating two setback events, the essay demonstrates the applicant’s resilience and her acknowledgment of people who made a comeback possible.
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – Addiction, Setback and Leadership Mantra (Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Example #15: War, Immigration and Starting Over Again
    Background Information: Despite a raging war in Syria, the family of the applicant was unblemished by the chaos. The strategic government assets near the applicant’s house would have made the region an easy target, but it was not. The calmness of her journey is shattered in one event. From the privileges of a cocooned life, the applicant is forced to think about survival, her sister’s future, and her future in the US. The second half of the narrative captures the change that was forced on her. 
    Theme: Gratitude, Resilience
    MBA Essay Strategy:  I consciously chose not to start the essay with a dialogue or trauma. Two lines are allocated to set up the narrative before the trauma event.
    Read: Harvard MBA Leadership Essay – War, Immigration and Starting Over Again (Leadership-Focused HBS MBA Essay Example)

    Harvard MBA Business-Minded Essay: Please reflect on how your experiences have influenced your career choices and aspirations and the impact you will have on the businesses, organizations, and communities you plan to serve. (up to 300 words)

    Example #16: Creative or Finance
    Background Information: The applicant starts the narrative with the origin of her talents. The unbridled enthusiasm receives a reality check when in high school, the applicant’s father has a conversation with her about academics. While the applicant picked up her quant skills, she was reaching over 50,000 loyal fans, and her videos captured 1 million views. 
    Theme: Passion, Talent
    MBA Essay Strategy:  Capturing vulnerability is the toughest part for Harvard MBA applicants. For this essay example, I have captured the applicant’s uncertainty about career choice throughout the essay. Here the goal is to show vulnerability in the career choice essay while for leadership and growth essay, I could capture one example each from creative and PE industry respectively to balance the narrative. So don’t follow this example without a strategy.  
    Read: Harvard MBA Business-Minded Essay – Creative or Finance (Business-Minded HBS MBA Essay Example)

  • Stanford MBA Essay Guide (24 Sample Essays)
  • Columbia MBA Essay Guide (21 Sample Essays)
  • Wharton MBA Essay Guide (15 Sample Essays)
  • INSEAD MBA Essay Guide (19 Sample Essays)
  • Darden MBA Essay Guide  (21 Sample Essays) 
  • Yale SOM MBA Essay Guide (15 Sample Essays)
  • Tuck MBA Essay Guide (15 Sample Essays)
  • Haas MBA Essay Guide (18 Sample Essays)
  • NYU Stern MBA Essay Guide (15 Sample Essays + 6 Examples - Visual Essay)
  • LBS MBA Essay Guide (6 Sample Essays)
  • MIT Sloan MBA Essay Guide (6 Sample Cover Letters + 3 Sample Video Statement Scripts + 3 Sample Optional Essays)
  • Kellogg MBA Essay Guide (11 Sample Essays)
  • Chicago Booth MBA Essay Guide (12 Sample Essays)
  • Ross MBA Essay Guide (31 Sample Essays)
  • Duke Fuqua MBA Essay Guide (10 Sample Essays + Two 25 Random Things Samples)
  • Cambridge MBA Essay Guide (12 Sample Essays)

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